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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Chronology of the Wars of the Roses

See here for what is probably the best graphical representation of the relationship between players in the wars.


1450 May-July Jack Cade's Revolt. 1450 August   Return of Richard Duke of York from Ireland. 1451 spring</description>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Wars of the Roses: Background

The Wars of the Roses were a series of battles fought between the supporters of the House of Lancaster (Lancastrians - red rose) and the supporters of the House of York (Yorkists - white rose).



Both houses were direct descendents of king</description>
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        <title>first_barons_war_1215-1217</title>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet


First Barons' War 1215-1217



Magna Carta 1215, 1216, 1217, 1225

1264, and 1297



Battle of Lincoln 20 May 1217

Battle of Sandwich 24 August 1217

Treaty of Kingston-upon-Thames 12 September 1217</description>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet


Second Barons' War 1264–1267



Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester



Battle of Lewes 14 May 1264

Battle of Evesham 4 August 1265



Magna Carta 1215, 1216, 1217, 1225, 1264, and 1297</description>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Anglo-Saxon


Rulers of Northumbria

*Soemel, legendary founder of Deira, great-great-great-grandfather of Ælle

Ælle, king of Deira, ruling in 597, perhaps 30-year reign?

Æthelric, king of Deira for five years after Ælle [then Æthelfrith of Bernicia took over]</description>
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Æthelstan

“Noble Stone”

King of the Anglo-Saxons: 924 to 927

King of the English: 927 to 939



Son of Edward the Elder and his first wife, Ecgwynn.

Preceded by: Edward the Elder

Succeeded by his half-brother, Edmund I.



The first Anglo-Saxon ruler of the whole of England after conquering the final Viking kingdom of York in 927. However, the Vikings regained York after Æthelstan's death in 939</description>
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        <description>Lollardy

Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards

We poor men, treasurers of Christ and his Apostles, denounce to the Lords and the Commons of the Parliament certain conclusions and truth for the reformation of the Holy Church of England, the which has been blind and leprous many years by the maintenance of the proud prelacy, borne up with flattering of private religion, the which is multiplied to a great charge and onerous [to] people here in England.</description>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Wars of the Roses: Background

The Wars of the Roses were a series of battles fought between the supporters of the House of Lancaster (Lancastrians - red rose) and the supporters of the House of York (Yorkists - white rose).



Both houses were direct descendants of king</description>
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        <description>Medieval England




High Middle Ages

See map of the Angevin Dominions in the 12th Century.


Angevin England 1154–1214*

Henry II 1154-1189

Richard I 1189-1199

-- William Fitz-Osbert 1196

John 1199-1216

-- William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke


*Battle of Bouvines brings an end to the Angevin empire under King John</description>
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        <description>Medieval England




Early Middle Ages

Anglo-Saxon England c.500–1066



Rulers of East Anglia

Rulers of Mercia

Rulers of Northumbria

Rulers of Kent

Rulers of Essex

Rulers of Wessex





Some key notes leading up to the formation of England as a single entity:



The Heptarchy of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms (East Anglia, Mercia, Northumbria, Kent, Essex, Sussex, and Wessex) had, by the ninth century, been consolidated into four:</description>
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        <title>internal_links</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=internal_links&amp;rev=1575831730&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Useful Links

Regnal Year Calculator

Convert Roman Numerals

Smart JPEG and PNG compression

Internet Archive






Wikipedia

Portal:England

Portal:Middle Ages

Early modern Britain

Regnal years of English monarchs





British America











Beaufort, John, first Earl of Somerset 

(Dictionary of National Biography)

Beaufort, John, first Earl of Somerset and Marquis of Dorset and of Somerset 1373?-1410, born about 1373, was the eldest son of John of Gaunt [see John, 1340-1399], by his …</description>
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        <title>magna_carta_1215-1225</title>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet &gt;&gt; First Barons' War

The Great Charter

Magna Carta - 15 June 1215

JOHN, by the grace of God King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, and Count of Anjou, to his archbishops, bishops, abbots, earls, barons, justices, foresters, sheriffs, stewards, servants, and to all his officials and loyal subjects, Greeting.</description>
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        <dc:date>2017-12-24T00:09:18+00:00</dc:date>
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        <description>Wales &gt;&gt; Gwynedd



Gwynedd

Medieval Rulers of Gwynedd



Cunedda Wledig ap Edern “Cunedda the Imperator” c.450–c.460

Einion Yrth ap Cunedda “Einion the Impetuous” c.470–c.480

Owain Ddantgwyn Rhos; late 5th century

Cynlas Goch Rhos &amp; St Einion Llŷn ap Owain late 5th and early 6th century</description>
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        <dc:date>2020-06-28T10:03:13+00:00</dc:date>
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        <title>plantagenet_england</title>
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        <description>Medieval England

Late Middle Ages

Plantagenet England 1214*-1485

Henry III	1216-1272

-- First Barons' War 1215-1217

-- Charter of the Forest 1225

-- Second Barons' War 1264–1267

Edward I	1272-1307

Edward II	1307-1327

Edward III 1327-1377

-- Edward, the Black Prince 1330-1376

Richard II 1377-1399



*Battle of Bouvines brings an end to the Angevin empire under King John.</description>
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        <dc:date>2018-08-11T19:51:24+00:00</dc:date>
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        <title>rulers_of_kent</title>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Anglo-Saxon


Rulers of Kent

*Hengest, legendary founder of Kent (*455-88)

*Æsc, legendary ruler of Kent (*488-512)

Irminric, king of Kent ([by c.575] - 581×588)

Æthelberht I, king of Kent (581×588 - 24 February 616)

Eadbald, king of Kent (616 - 20 January 640)</description>
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        <dc:date>2018-08-11T19:52:19+00:00</dc:date>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Anglo-Saxon


Rulers of Mercia

Cearl, king of Mercia in early seventh century

Penda, king of Mercia (626 - 15 November 655 [Battle of Winwæd])

Wulfhere, king of Mercia (658-75)

Æthelred, king of Mercia (675 - 704 [resigned, became a monk])

Coenred, king of Mercia (704-9 [resigned, went to Rome])</description>
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        <title>welcome</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=welcome&amp;rev=1514825806&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Welcome to the Village Idiot's Guide to... History

For as long as I can remember, learning about history has completely fascinated me - from old Norman churches to Georgian town-houses, horse-drawn ploughs to medieval chests, peasants to kings, domestic life to battle-field, even half buried mosaic floors to dusty old libraries</description>
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