<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- generator="FeedCreator 1.8" -->
<?xml-stylesheet href="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/lib/exe/css.php?s=feed" type="text/css"?>
<rdf:RDF
    xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"
    xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
    xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"
    xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
    <channel rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/feed.php">
        <title>Village Idiot's Guide to History</title>
        <description></description>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/</link>
        <image rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=favicon.ico" />
       <dc:date>2026-06-10T12:40:30+00:00</dc:date>
        <items>
            <rdf:Seq>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_morgannwg&amp;rev=1514074169&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_deheubarth&amp;rev=1514074140&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_gwent&amp;rev=1514074149&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=wars_of_the_roses_background&amp;rev=1514161383&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=beaufort_illegitimacy&amp;rev=1514215131&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=chronology_wars_of_the_roses&amp;rev=1513907025&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=magna_carta_1215-1225&amp;rev=1515768241&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=wars_of_the_roses_chronology&amp;rev=1514299016&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=england_history_hub&amp;rev=1621696347&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=john_oldcastle_d1417&amp;rev=1514604448&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=simon_de_montfort_c1208-1265&amp;rev=1514771840&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=athelstan_925-940&amp;rev=1513702445&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=charter_of_liberties&amp;rev=1521486925&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=charter_of_the_forest_1225&amp;rev=1514824443&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=edmund_940-946&amp;rev=1513702474&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=henry_ii_1154-1189&amp;rev=1534017821&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=internal_links&amp;rev=1575831730&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_gwynedd&amp;rev=1514074158&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_powys&amp;rev=1514074180&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=rullers_of_essex&amp;rev=1534017167&amp;do=diff"/>
            </rdf:Seq>
        </items>
    </channel>
    <image rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=favicon.ico">
        <title>Village Idiot's Guide to History</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/</link>
        <url>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=favicon.ico</url>
    </image>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_morgannwg&amp;rev=1514074169&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-24T00:09:29+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>medieval_wales_rulers_morgannwg</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_morgannwg&amp;rev=1514074169&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Wales &gt;&gt; Morgannwg



Morgannwg

Medieval Rulers of Morgannwg

Glywysing

Eugenius, son of Magnus Maximus

Marius, son of Eugenius

Solar, son of Marius

Glywys, son of Solar c.470–c.480, who gave his name to the kingdom.

Gwynllyw, son of Glywys, ruler of Gwynllwg c.480–523, cantref of Glywysing</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_deheubarth&amp;rev=1514074140&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-24T00:09:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>medieval_wales_rulers_deheubarth</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_deheubarth&amp;rev=1514074140&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Wales &gt;&gt; Deheubarth



Deheubarth

Medieval Rulers of Deheubarth

Ceredigion, Seisyllwg and Dyfed



Ceredigion

Ceredig ap Cunedda 424–453

Usai 453–490

Serwyl 490–525

Boddw 525–560

Arthfoddw 560–595

Arthlwys 595–630

Clydog I 630–665



Dyfed

Anwn c.357</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_gwent&amp;rev=1514074149&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-24T00:09:09+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>medieval_wales_rulers_gwent</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_gwent&amp;rev=1514074149&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Wales &gt;&gt; Gwent



Gwent

Medieval Rulers of Gwent

in Caer-Went

Ynyr ap Dyfnwal ap Ednyfed ap Anwn and his wife-St Madrun ferch Gwerthefyr

Iddon ap Ynyr 480-490

Caradog “Strongarm” ap Ynyr

Meurig ap Caradog and his wife-Dyfwn ferch Glywys

Erbic ap Meurig ?</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=wars_of_the_roses_background&amp;rev=1514161383&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-25T00:23:03+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>wars_of_the_roses_background</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=wars_of_the_roses_background&amp;rev=1514161383&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Wars of the Roses: Background

The Wars of the Roses were a series of battles fought between the supporters of the House of Lancaster (Lancastrians - red rose) and the supporters of the House of York (Yorkists - white rose).



Both houses were direct descendants of king</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=beaufort_illegitimacy&amp;rev=1514215131&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-25T15:18:51+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>beaufort_illegitimacy</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=beaufort_illegitimacy&amp;rev=1514215131&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Beaufort illegitimacy:

John of Gaunt, Edward III's third son, married his mistress Katherine Swynford on the 13th January 1396. Pope Boniface IX issued a Bull in September of that year, acknowledging the marriage and legitimising their four children, each surnamed Beaufort. Richard II further issued letters patent which was confirmed by parliament in February 1397.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=chronology_wars_of_the_roses&amp;rev=1513907025&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-22T01:43:45+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>chronology_wars_of_the_roses</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=chronology_wars_of_the_roses&amp;rev=1513907025&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Wars of the Roses: Background

The Wars of the Roses were a series of battles fought between the supporters of the House of Lancaster (Lancastrians - red rose) and the supporters of the House of York (Yorkists - white rose).



Both houses were direct descendents of king</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=magna_carta_1215-1225&amp;rev=1515768241&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-01-12T14:44:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>magna_carta_1215-1225</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=magna_carta_1215-1225&amp;rev=1515768241&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet &gt;&gt; First Barons' War

The Great Charter

Magna Carta - 15 June 1215

JOHN, by the grace of God King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, and Count of Anjou, to his archbishops, bishops, abbots, earls, barons, justices, foresters, sheriffs, stewards, servants, and to all his officials and loyal subjects, Greeting.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=wars_of_the_roses_chronology&amp;rev=1514299016&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-26T14:36:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>wars_of_the_roses_chronology</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=wars_of_the_roses_chronology&amp;rev=1514299016&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Chronology of the Wars of the Roses

See here for what is probably the best graphical representation of the relationship between players in the wars.


1450 May-July Jack Cade's Revolt. 1450 August   Return of Richard Duke of York from Ireland. 1451 spring</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=england_history_hub&amp;rev=1621696347&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2021-05-22T15:12:27+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>england_history_hub</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=england_history_hub&amp;rev=1621696347&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England's History Hub



A starter for 10:

Which royal heir died after swimming in the Thames , and which one drowned in the White Ship disaster ?




Ancient

	*  Prehistoric Britain until c.43
	*  Roman Britain c.43–410

Medieval

	*  Anglo-Saxon &amp; Danish c.500–1066</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=john_oldcastle_d1417&amp;rev=1514604448&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-30T03:27:28+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>john_oldcastle_d1417</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=john_oldcastle_d1417&amp;rev=1514604448&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Lollardy

Sir John Oldcastle




Confession of Sir John Oldcastle

“I believe in God the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth: and in Jesus Christ his only son our Lord, which was conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, crucified, dead, and buried, went down to hell, the third day rose again from death, ascended up to heaven, sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty; and from thence shall come again to judge the quick and the dead. I…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=simon_de_montfort_c1208-1265&amp;rev=1514771840&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-01-01T01:57:20+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>simon_de_montfort_c1208-1265</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=simon_de_montfort_c1208-1265&amp;rev=1514771840&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Simon De Montfort

A French born noble, and progenitor of parliamentary democracy...






The sworn confederation of seven barons - April 1258

“We, Richard of Clare, earl of Gloucester and Hertford; Roger Bigod, earl marshal and earl of Norfolk; Simon de Montfort, earl of Leicester; Peter of Savoy; Hugh Bigod; John fitz Geoffrey; and Peter of Montfort make known to all people that we have sworn on the holy gospels, and are held together by this oath, and we promise in…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=athelstan_925-940&amp;rev=1513702445&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-19T16:54:05+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>athelstan_925-940</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=athelstan_925-940&amp;rev=1513702445&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Anglo-Saxon


Æthelstan

“Noble Stone”

King of the Anglo-Saxons: 924 to 927

King of the English: 927 to 939



Son of Edward the Elder and his first wife, Ecgwynn.

Preceded by: Edward the Elder

Succeeded by his half-brother, Edmund I.



The first Anglo-Saxon ruler of the whole of England after conquering the final Viking kingdom of York in 927. However, the Vikings regained York after Æthelstan's death in 939</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=charter_of_liberties&amp;rev=1521486925&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-03-19T19:15:25+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>charter_of_liberties</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=charter_of_liberties&amp;rev=1521486925&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Charter of Liberties

1100

Henry, king of the English, to Bishop Samson and Urso de Abetot and all his barons and faithful, both French and English, of [county] greeting.




	*  I, Henry, by the grace of God having been crowned the King of England, shall not take or sell any property from a Church upon the death of a bishop or abbot, until a successor has been named to that Church property. I shall end all the oppressive practices which have been an evil presence in England.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=charter_of_the_forest_1225&amp;rev=1514824443&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-01-01T16:34:03+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>charter_of_the_forest_1225</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=charter_of_the_forest_1225&amp;rev=1514824443&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet


Charter of the Forest - 1225

Reissue, with minor amends, of carta de foresta, 6 November 1217.



Confirmed by Edward I, 1299

Edward by the Grace of God, King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Guyan, to all to whom these presents shall come, sends greeting: we have seen the charter of the Lord Henry our father, sometime King of England, concerning the Forest in these words.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=edmund_940-946&amp;rev=1513702474&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-19T16:54:34+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>edmund_940-946</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=edmund_940-946&amp;rev=1513702474&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Anglo-Saxon


Edmund I

the Magnificent

King of the English: 939-946



Son of Edward the Elder and his third wife, Eadgifu of Kent.

Preceded by: Æthelstan

Succeeded by his brother Eadred.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=henry_ii_1154-1189&amp;rev=1534017821&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-08-11T20:03:41+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>henry_ii_1154-1189</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=henry_ii_1154-1189&amp;rev=1534017821&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Angevin


Henry II

Henry Curtmantle

King of England: 1154 to 1189



Son of Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou and Empress Matilda.

Preceded by: Stephen.

Succeeded by: Richard I.






Henry II and his legitimate children: William, Henry, Richard, Matilda, Geoffrey, Eleanor, Joan and John
[Genealogical Chronicle of the English Kings - Henry II and legitimate children]</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=internal_links&amp;rev=1575831730&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2019-12-08T19:02:10+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>internal_links</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=internal_links&amp;rev=1575831730&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Useful Links

Regnal Year Calculator

Convert Roman Numerals

Smart JPEG and PNG compression

Internet Archive






Wikipedia

Portal:England

Portal:Middle Ages

Early modern Britain

Regnal years of English monarchs





British America











Beaufort, John, first Earl of Somerset 

(Dictionary of National Biography)

Beaufort, John, first Earl of Somerset and Marquis of Dorset and of Somerset 1373?-1410, born about 1373, was the eldest son of John of Gaunt [see John, 1340-1399], by his …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_gwynedd&amp;rev=1514074158&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-24T00:09:18+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>medieval_wales_rulers_gwynedd</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_gwynedd&amp;rev=1514074158&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Wales &gt;&gt; Gwynedd



Gwynedd

Medieval Rulers of Gwynedd



Cunedda Wledig ap Edern “Cunedda the Imperator” c.450–c.460

Einion Yrth ap Cunedda “Einion the Impetuous” c.470–c.480

Owain Ddantgwyn Rhos; late 5th century

Cynlas Goch Rhos &amp; St Einion Llŷn ap Owain late 5th and early 6th century</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_powys&amp;rev=1514074180&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2017-12-24T00:09:40+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>medieval_wales_rulers_powys</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=medieval_wales_rulers_powys&amp;rev=1514074180&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Wales &gt;&gt; Powys



Powys

Medieval Rulers of Powys

House of Gwertherion

Gwrtheyrn High-King Vortigern

Cadeyern Fendigaid c.430 – 447 Reputed eldest son of Gwrtheyrn, blessed by Saint Germanus

Cadell Ddyrnllwg c.447 – 460

Rhyddfedd Frych c.480

Cyngen Glodrydd c.500</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=rullers_of_essex&amp;rev=1534017167&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-08-11T19:52:47+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>rullers_of_essex</title>
        <link>http://villageidiotsguideto.com/history/doku.php?id=rullers_of_essex&amp;rev=1534017167&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>England &gt;&gt; Anglo-Saxon


Rulers of Essex

Æscwine 527-587

Sledd 587-c.604

Sæberht c.604-616/7

Sexred 616/7-623

Saeward 616/7-623

(Unknown son of Sæberht 616/7-623)

Sigeberht the Little 623-c.653

Sigeberht the Good c.653-660

Swithhelm 660-664

Sighere 664-683</description>
    </item>
</rdf:RDF>
