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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Simon De Montfort

A French born noble, and progenitor of parliamentary democracy...






The sworn confederation of seven barons - April 1258

“We, Richard of Clare, earl of Gloucester and Hertford; Roger Bigod, earl marshal and earl of Norfolk; Simon de Montfort, earl of Leicester; Peter of Savoy; Hugh Bigod; John fitz Geoffrey; and Peter of Montfort make known to all people that we have sworn on the holy gospels, and are held together by this oath, and we promise in…</description>
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        <description>Medieval England




Early Middle Ages

Anglo-Saxon England c.500–1066



Rulers of East Anglia

Rulers of Mercia

Rulers of Northumbria

Rulers of Kent

Rulers of Essex

Rulers of Wessex





Some key notes leading up to the formation of England as a single entity:



The Heptarchy of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms (East Anglia, Mercia, Northumbria, Kent, Essex, Sussex, and Wessex) had, by the ninth century, been consolidated into four:</description>
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        <description>Beaufort illegitimacy:

John of Gaunt, Edward III's third son, married his mistress Katherine Swynford on the 13th January 1396. Pope Boniface IX issued a Bull in September of that year, acknowledging the marriage and legitimising their four children, each surnamed Beaufort. Richard II further issued letters patent which was confirmed by parliament in February 1397.</description>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet


Charter of the Forest - 1225

Reissue, with minor amends, of carta de foresta, 6 November 1217.



Confirmed by Edward I, 1299

Edward by the Grace of God, King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Guyan, to all to whom these presents shall come, sends greeting: we have seen the charter of the Lord Henry our father, sometime King of England, concerning the Forest in these words.</description>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet


Magna Carta

1215, 1216, 1217, 1225, 1264, and 1297



1215

1216 &amp; 1217

1225 &amp; 1264

1297



Confirmations/affirmations:

28 Jan 1237

14 March 1265

Satute of Marlborough 1267





1297: Clauses in current legislation I, IX, and XXIX

----------

Information - Acts of Parliament/Laws/Legislation</description>
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        <description>Medieval England




High Middle Ages

See map of the Angevin Dominions in the 12th Century.


Angevin England 1154–1214*

Henry II 1154-1189

Richard I 1189-1199

-- William Fitz-Osbert 1196

John 1199-1216

-- William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke


*Battle of Bouvines brings an end to the Angevin empire under King John</description>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Plantagenet



Wars of the Roses: Background

The Wars of the Roses were a series of battles fought between the supporters of the House of Lancaster (Lancastrians - red rose) and the supporters of the House of York (Yorkists - white rose).



Both houses were direct descendents of king</description>
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        <description>Modern England




Late Modern

House of Hanover 1714-1901

George I	1714-1727

George II	1727-1760

-- Frederick, Prince of Wales 1707-1751

George III	1760-1820

George IV	1820-1830

-- Charlotte, Princess of Wales 1796-1817

William IV	1830-1837</description>
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        <description>England &gt;&gt; Angevin


Henry II

Henry Curtmantle

King of England: 1154 to 1189



Son of Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou and Empress Matilda.

Preceded by: Stephen.

Succeeded by: Richard I.






Henry II and his legitimate children: William, Henry, Richard, Matilda, Geoffrey, Eleanor, Joan and John
[Genealogical Chronicle of the English Kings - Henry II and legitimate children]</description>
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